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In June 2007 the Office of the Premier of the Mpumalanga province in South Africa leaked a draft Mpumalanga Witchcraft Suppression Bill of 2007.〔 Unlike the ''Witchcraft Suppression Act of 1957'' (which was directed against witch-hunting), the proposed Witchcraft Control Act would explicitly acknowledge the existence of witchcraft and criminalise it. Drafting of the Bill was suspended the following year following opposition from traditional healers and Neopagans which also led to a review of existing national witchcraft legislation by the South African Law Reform Commission. ==Background== Despite the ongoing existence of the national ''Witchcraft Suppression Act of 1957''〔(Witchcraft Suppression Act 3 of 1957 )〕 based on colonial witchcraft legislation, which criminalises the "pretence of witchcraft" and accusations of witchcraft, violent witch-hunts have persisted in rural areas of South Africa. Various legislative reforms have been proposed to try and address this complex problem. The principal tenets of the ANC's 1994 National Health Plan with respect to traditional healers include the right of access to traditional practitioners as part of their cultural heritage and belief system and the control of traditional practitioners by a recognised and accepted body so that harmful practices can be eliminated and the profession promoted.〔(【引用サイトリンク】publisher=anc.org.za )〕 This ultimately led to the national ''Traditional Health Practitioners Act of 2007''〔(Traditional Health Practitioners Act 22 of 2007 )〕 which the National Department of Health only started to implement in December 2011 under pressure from frustrated traditional healers.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.doh.gov.za/docs/forms/2011/nomination_frm.pdf )〕 In 1995 the Minister of Safety and Security of the Northern Province commissioned the Commission of Enquiry into Witchcraft Violence and Ritual Murder in the Northern Province of the Republic of South Africa chaired by Professor Victor Ralushai. The Committee proposed a new national ''Witchcraft Control Act'' including penalties for practising, or pretending to practise, witchcraft and also recommended new legislation to regulate traditional healers. Unlike the ''Witchcraft Suppression Act of 1957'', the proposed ''Witchcraft Control Act'' would explicitly acknowledge the existence of witchcraft and criminalise it. The Ralushai Commission defined a witch as follows in their report: Testifying before a Truth and Reconciliation Commission amnesty hearing in July 1999 about his knowledge about witchcraft matters and other related issues, Professor Ralushai defined a witch as follows when requested to do so by practising attorney Patrick Ndou: In 1998 the Commission for Gender Equality issued the ''Thohoyandou Declaration on Ending Witchcraft Violence'', recommending urgent legislative reform to mitigate harmful witchcraft practices and violent witch hunts including new legislation to regulate the practices and conduct of traditional healers. The draft ''Mpumalanga Witchcraft Suppression Bill of 2007'' expanded on the ''Witchcraft Suppression Act of 1957'', defining witchcraft as harmful magic and attempting to regulate the conduct of traditional healers in Mpumalanga. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Mpumalanga Witchcraft Suppression Bill」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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